THE ROLE OF INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS IN SHAPING NATIONAL PUBLIC POLICY AND MODERNIZING PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION: AN INTERNATIONAL LEGAL AND INSTITUTIONAL APPROACH

Abstract

This thesis examines the role of international organizations in shaping national public policy, introducing international standards into domestic legal and policy frameworks, and strengthening the institutional capacity of public administration. Particular attention is given to the United Nations (UN), the World Bank, the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE), and the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) as distinct institutional mechanisms of international influence. The study draws upon the theoretical perspectives of Martha Finnemore, Kathryn Sikkink, Michael Barnett, Thomas Risse, and Robert O. Keohane concerning international institutions, norm diffusion, and the socialization of states. The analysis demonstrates that the influence of international organizations on national policy is exercised not only through legally binding international obligations but also through international standards, policy recommendations, monitoring mechanisms, technical assistance, financial instruments, expert support, and institutional capacity-building. Particular attention is paid to the process through which international commitments are translated into national legislation, development strategies, public policies, and institutional practices. The study proposes a five-stage normative-institutional transformation model consisting of international norm formation, national acceptance, domestic adaptation, institutional implementation, and monitoring and feedback. The findings suggest that the effectiveness of international standards depends not on their mechanical transposition into domestic systems, but on their adaptation to national legal, political, institutional, and socio-economic contexts.