The Negative Impacts of Internal Migration on Socio-Economic Processes in Kyrgyzstan (2020–2025)

Abstract

The study analyzes the negative consequences of internal migration in Kyrgyzstan based on data from the National Statistics Committee, IOM reports, expert assessments, and scientific publications. Key destructive trends have been identified: over-concentration of the population in Bishkek and the Chui region, leading to a collapse of infrastructure (housing crisis, school overcrowding, and environmental degradation); the degradation of peripheral regions losing their able-bodied population; and a deformation of the labor market marked by the growth of informal employment, poverty, and social tension. It is noted that these processes increase conflict potential and reduce the quality of life. Of particular concern is the institutional inefficiency of government regulation: repeated reforms of migration policy have failed. The authors conclude that a systematic state policy is needed, including the decentralization of economic activity, advanced infrastructure development, and the creation of a separate migration management body.