A Design of Controlled Indoor Millimeter-Wave Channel Measurement System

Abstract

With the approach of the 6G era, the millimeter-wave band has become a research focus due to its abundant spectral resources, while accurate channel models serve as the fundamental prerequisite for achieving high-data-rate and low-latency communications. This paper presents a synthetic aperture channel measurement system based on a Vector Network Analyzer (VNA) for controlled indoor channel scenarios. By using a robotic arm to move the receiving antenna to form a virtual 2D uniform planar array, high-precision positioning and channel parameter acquisition will be realized. The system design is conducted in an indoor environment, configuring transceivers at 110 GHz, a rough scatterer matrix, and reflective surfaces to simulate complex multipath propagation scenarios. Simulation results indicate that the system demonstrates expected attenuation, as well as coverage ranges for angle of arrival and time delay in the millimeter wave frequency band. In the case of closer spacing, the path loss decreases, and the AOA range remains similar to that in the farfield scenario. This study provides a highly flexible and low-complexity measurement scheme for millimeter-wave channel modeling, effectively improving the accuracy of channel simulation in complex indoor environments. The feasibility of the proposed system is evaluated through ray-tracing simulations.