ЭВОЛЮЦИЯ РЕГИОНАЛЬНОГО СОТРУДНИЧЕСТВА ГОСУДАРСТВ ЦЕНТРАЛЬНОЙ АЗИИ

Abstract

The article examines the evolution of regional cooperation among Central Asian states from the first integration initiatives of the 1990s to the institutionalization of the consultative format in 2023–2025. Based on comparative-historical and institutional analysis, a four-stage periodization is proposed, reflecting changes in coordination mechanisms, the degree of formalization, and the substance of the regional agenda. The article argues that the contemporary model of cooperation is developing primarily as a form of sovereignty-preserving intergovernmental regionalism, in which political trust, permanent coordination mechanisms, and sectoral programs play a more significant role than the establishment of supranational institutions.