A Framework for Structurally Deterministic Pipeline Based Drafting and Quality Improvement of Software Requirements Specifications Using Language Models and Reinforcement Learning

Abstract

The process of authoring a Software Requirements Specification (SRS) document is a resource-intensive task in software development that requires coordination among multiple stakeholders and is often time-consuming, costly, and prone to human error. Latest advancements in artificial intelligence have enabled the generation of specification documents using Large Language Models (LLMs). However, such approaches still depend on manual prompt engineering and prompt optimization to extract relevant knowledge and do not consistently ensure structural coherence, completeness, and reliability. This paper presents a systematic approach to SRS generation in which input requirements from stakeholders are classified into semantically meaningful topics, followed by the construction of an initial skeleton document based on these topics. The document is then incrementally expanded using reinforcement learning to improve consistency, completeness, and coverage. The proposed approach also improves the dependability of the output by reducing hallucinations that may arise from the unstructured, raw nature of user inputs. The experimental evaluation of the proposed framework increases topic classification accuracy from 0.40–0.70 to 0.75–0.95 across six requirement topics, thereby improving document structure and generation quality. Compared with a ChatGPT Model 5.2 baseline, the framework achieved significant improvements in key text-generation metrics, including a 19.8% increase in ROUGE-L and an 11.8% increase in METEOR, while maintaining contextual relevance with an average semantic cross-similarity score of 0.615. These results indicate that the proposed method can produce SRS documents that are contextually reliable and structurally coherent while requiring less manual prompts such as requirements from analysts or stakeholders.