Food Availability, Choice, and Consumer Behavior as Determinants of Sustainable Food Systems in Yobe State, Nigeria

Abstract

Sustainable food systems are critical for addressing hunger, improving public health, and ensuring environmental resilience. This study examines how food availability, food choice, and consumer behavior influence sustainable food systems in Yobe State, Nigeria. Using a purposive sampling technique, 540 respondents were selected from six local government areas across three geopolitical zones. Data were collected using a structured, closed-ended questionnaire and analyzed with descriptive and inferential statistics. Findings reveal that food availability moderately influences food sustainability, while food choice and consumer behavior strongly and positively affect sustainable food systems in the state. The study concludes that enhancing consumer awareness, expanding access to nutritious foods, and strengthening household food security are essential pathways to sustainable food systems in Yobe State. Policy recommendations include integrating nutrition education into school curricula, promoting local food markets, and incentivizing healthy consumer practices.