The Degree of Digitalization of Enterprises in Romania. A Descriptive Approach

Abstract

This paper investigates the evolution and intensity of digitalization among Romanian enterprises during the period 2009-2024, with a particular focus on the relationship between digital infrastructure development and the effective adoption of advanced digital technologies. The research employs a descriptive and longitudinal methodology based on secondary statistical data provided by the National Institute of Statistics. Five key indicators related to internet connectivity, enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems, customer relationship management (CRM) solutions, and websites are analyzed in order to capture both the infrastructural and operational dimensions of enterprise digitalization. The findings reveal a significant asymmetry in the digital transformation of Romanian enterprises. Although connectivity indicators improved substantially throughout the analyzed period, the adoption of advanced digital solutions remained comparatively limited. This suggests the existence of a persistent structural gap between access to digital infrastructure and the effective integration of digital technologies into organizational processes. The originality of the paper lies in its longitudinal perspective and in its integrated analysis of infrastructure and digital adoption dynamics over a fifteen-year period. The paper highlights the need for strategic interventions focused on managerial education, the adoption of cloud-based solutions and the integration of complex digital processes, in order to enhance productivity and support sustainable digital transformation in the Romanian business environment.