Cross-cultural adaptation and preliminary psychometric evaluation of physical activity questionnaires among older women in Depok, Indonesia

Abstract

Objective: To adapt the Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly (PASE) and the Community Healthy Activities Model Program for Seniors (CHAMPS) for the Indonesian context and to evaluate their psychometric properties. Methodology: This cross-sectional study involved 60 older women (≥60 years) in Depok, Indonesia. Adaptation involved translation and expert review. Analyses included descriptive statistics, Cronbach’s alpha for internal consistency, and Multi-Group Confirmatory Factor Analysis (MGCFA). Results: The Indonesian PASE and CHAMPS demonstrated excellent internal consistency (Cronbach’s α=0.963 and 0.928, respectively) and satisfied configural, metric, and scalar invariance across age groups. PASE showed Comparative Fit Index (CFI) values of 0.955–0.964 (ΔCFI≤0.006), while CHAMPS showed CFI values of 0.945–0.952 (ΔCFI≤0.004), indicating stable measurement properties across younger-old and older-old participants. Conclusion: The Indonesian versions of PASE and CHAMPS demonstrated preliminary evidence of acceptable reliability, validity, and measurement invariance for assessing physical activity among older women in this study setting. Further validation with larger, more diverse populations is needed to confirm their broader applicability in Indonesia.