Séroprévalence de l'antigène HBs et déterminants associés chez les femmes enceintes du 3ᵉ arrondissement communal de Zinder (Niger) : étude transversale

Abstract

Introduction :Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in pregnant women promotes mother-to-child transmission. The objective of this study was to investigate the HBsAg seroprevalence and its associated factors among pregnant women in the 3rd municipal district of Zinder, Niger.Methods :An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted from January to July 2025. It included 330 pregnant women via convenience sampling across six healthcare facilities. HBsAg was detected using a rapid immunochromatographic test. Associated factors were analyzed using binary logistic regression.Results :The mean age was 25.9 ± 5.9 years. The prevalence of HBsAg was 3.94% (13/330; 95% CI: 2.32–6.62%). Frequent risk behaviors included pedicure/manicure (99.4%), piercing (91.5%), scarification (65.2%), and non-vaccination (95.2%). In multivariate analysis, a history of liver disease (aOR = 8.59; p = 0.001) and home delivery (aOR = 4.95; p = 0.011) were significantly associated with HBsAg. The use of personal equipment for pedicure/manicure appeared protective (aOR = 0.014; p = 0.004).Conclusion :The prevalence of HBsAg is intermediate among these pregnant women. Strengthening prenatal screening and medically assisted delivery is essential to reduce the risk of transmission.