MENELUSURI RELEVANSI ETIKA KEPEMIMPINAN KHULAFAUR RASYIDIN DALAM MENGATASI KRISIS TATA KELOLA KONTEMPORER

Abstract

This study aims to explore the relevance of the leadership ethics of the Khulafaur Rasyidin (the Rightly-Guided Caliphs) in addressing the contemporary crisis of governance, marked by declining public trust, systemic corruption, and weak leader accountability. The specific problem examined is how the leadership ethical values of the caliphs can be adapted to respond to increasingly complex modern governance challenges, given that most existing literature remains descriptive-historical and has not critically examined the relationship between these classical values and the contemporary good governance framework. The expected solution is the development of an ethical-transformative leadership model that integrates the ethical dimension (justice, trustworthiness, deliberation, and spiritual accountability) with governance practice (oversight, transparency, and public participation) as a conceptual bridge between the classical Islamic tradition and the demands of modernity. This study hypothesizes that the leadership values of the Khulafaur Rasyidin have substantive relevance and can be contextually adapted to strengthen accountability, integrity, and social justice within present-day governance structures. The method used is library research with a qualitative approach, documentation techniques, and content analysis of primary and secondary sources published between 2020 and 2025. The results show that the principles of justice, trustworthiness, deliberation, and the oversight systems practiced by Abu Bakar, Umar, Utsman, and Ali particularly Umar bin Khattab’s innovation through the Muhtasib institution and the auditing of officials’ wealth are relevant for adaptation in strengthening the transparency and accountability of modern governance. The discussion affirms that the leadership of the Khulafaur Rasyidin functions as a normative-ethical framework rather than a structural alternative, one that can be contextually reinterpreted through leadership character education, bureaucratic reform, and the strengthening of participatory oversight systems to address the contemporary crisis of governance.