The Impact of IoT-Based Cyber-Physical Systems on Broiler Farming in Closed-House Systems

Abstract

Broiler chicken production requires appropriate environmental control to maintain productivity and animal welfare. This study evaluated the effect of implementing an IoT-based cyber-physical system on microclimate stability and broiler chicken performance under semi-industrial conditions. A total of 4,200 CP-707 broiler chickens were reared for 33 days in a closed-house facility using a before-and-after design that compared a non-system controller with an IoT-based cyber-physical system that integrated environmental sensors, a programmable logic controller, and cloud-based monitoring. This system maintained stable environmental conditions and reduced deviations from standard operating procedures. Average house temperature and feed conversion ratio (FCR) did not differ significantly before and after implementation (p = 0.080 and p = 0.645, respectively). However, mortality rates decreased significantly from 5.09% to 2.36% (p = 0.005), and body weight increased from 846.29 g to 895.43 g (p < 0.001). The Performance Index (PI) also increased, although the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.088). These findings indicate that the IoT-based cyber-physical system improves the survival and growth of broiler chickens whilst maintaining feed efficiency through more stable environmental control. This system offers a practical and adaptable approach to improving productivity, sustainability, and animal welfare within modern closed-house broiler chicken production systems. Keywords: broiler chickens, closed-house system, cyber-physical system, internet of things, precision livestock farming