Potential Threats to GNSS Equipment from Signals of Low-Earth-Orbit Satellite Communication System

Abstract

The results of modeling the interference between signals of low-Earth-orbit satellite systems and the Global Navigation Satellite System are presented. GPS signals are analyzed in combination with signals from the Globalstar, OneWeb, Iridium-NEXT, and Starlink systems. The analysis is generalized to other communication systems such as Kuiper, Orbcomm, Spire, and Qianfan. It is confirmed that when operating with nominal signals, the impact on navigation receiver signals is unlikely. Modeling shows that if the frequencies of low-Earth-orbit satellite systems enter the navigation frequency band, either accidentally or intentionally, the carrier-to-noise ratio and the power margin decrease by 10 dB. Under such conditions, the probability of loss of navigation service increases significantly.