Calibration of GNSS receivers at AGGO, INTI, and ONBA

Abstract

Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receivers are widely used for the comparison of distant clocks in time and frequency metrology. Since the 1980s, they have played a key role in the realization of Coordinated Universal Time (UTC). In this context, the calibration of GNSS receivers is required to ensure time-transfer uncertainties at the level of a few nanoseconds. This work presents calibration results for three GNSS timing stations in Argentina, located at the Argentine--German Geodetic Observatory (AGGO), the Observatorio Naval de Buenos Aires (ONBA), and the Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Industrial (INTI). Measurements were performed using a traveling receiver from the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) during its round trip between NIST and Argentina. The mean values and their calibration uncertainties obtained were those expected for this technique.