From Supply Chain Shocks to Economic Security -U.S.–EU Supply Chain and Strategic Technology Policy Discourse and Its Implications for South Korea-

Abstract

This study explores the structure and evolution of supply-chain and economic-security policy discourse in official documents of the United States and the European Union and draws implications for South Korea. The U.S. corpus comprises 638 Federal Register (FR) documents published between January 2018 and June 2026 and the Quadrennial Supply Chain Review (QSCR), while the EU corpus comprises eleven core documents divided into 280 analytical units. LDA topic models were estimated at the document level for the FR and at the chunk level for the QSCR and long EU documents. U.S. regulatory discourse displays a multilayered structure centered on control and security—procurement cybersecurity, covered telecommunications equipment, ICTS, export controls, and critical-minerals designation—alongside industrial, trade, and fiscal measures, crisis response, and sector-specific administration. The time-series analysis identifies the surge and subsequent decline of crisis-response discourse, the cumulative institutionalization of control-and-security discourse, and the rapid rise of industrial, trade, and fiscal discourse. The QSCR is structured around strategic sectors and policy domains. EU discourse combines its established emphases on strategic autonomy and industrial ecosystems with a distinct protective axis encompassing enforcement, investment screening, and emergency response, suggesting partial convergence between the two discourses. A four-way actor-by-genre comparison further suggests that document genre alone does not fully account for the observed differences. Based on these findings, the study proposes an “open resilience” framework for Korea, centered on strengthening indispensability, ensuring compatibility with multiple regulatory regimes, and applying differentiated securitization, together with sector-specific policy tasks.