La Geoecología del Paisaje, una ciencia geográfica

Abstract

Landscape Geoecology is a synthetic geographical science that studies the organization, functioning, dynamics, evolution, and transformation of landscapes as geosystems and geoecosystems located at the nature-society interface. The article presents a narrative-integrative review with bibliographic traceability limited to the study’s objective, organized by documentary families, languages, disciplinary schools, and inclusion criteria. The discussion covers the geographical landscape as a material object, geosystem theory, German, Russian-Soviet, French, Iberian, Central European, Asian, and Latin American schools, the differentiation from Landscape Ecology and Landscape Geoecology, as well as inventory, mapping, diagnosis, assessment, forecasting, planning, and monitoring procedures. The central argument states that Landscape Geoecology is not a generic interdisciplinary label, but a geographical science with object, categories, method, scalar hierarchy, and applied function. Its main contribution is the conversion of territorial complexity into spatial units that can be analyzed, mapped, and used for environmental management, planning, conservation, restoration, natural potential assessment, landscape services, and territorial sustainability.