Blood pressure following resistance exercise in individuals in the chronic phase of stroke recovery

Abstract

Current evidence supports resistance training for stroke recovery but autonomic dysregulation following stroke can lead to exaggerated fluctuations in blood pressure (BP) in response to exercise, thus challenging perceptions about safety and feasibility of resistance exercise. This study compared the post-exercise BP response following a single bout of leg-press exercise between people with and without stroke. Data from 11 individuals with chronic stroke (age 39-76 years, 5 female, 1-9 years post-stroke) and 19 recreationally active controls (age 18-33 years, 11 female) were included. Brachial artery BP was measured before exercise and immediately following a single set of leg-press (8 repetitions, target rating of perceived exertion 5-7/10). The difference between pre- and post-exercise BP was calculated and compared between groups using an independent t-test of equal variance. Additionally, a two-way analysis of covariance was used to examine potential cofounding effects of activity level and baseline BP on between group differences in BP response. No group differences were observed in post-exercise change in systolic (mean difference=3.61 mmHg, 95%CI:-8.36, 15.57, p=0.54); and diastolic (mean difference=5.38 mmHg, 95%CI:-6.11, 16.86, p=0.35) BP. Results were unchanged after controlling for baseline BP, and activity levels. Our work suggests that individuals with and without chronic stroke experience similar acute BP responses immediately following resistance exercise; however, work with more appropriately matched controls and greater sample sizes is needed to support these findings. Future studies may elucidate mechanisms related to the acute cardiovascular response to resistance exercise in individuals with stroke.