Green Strategic Management and Organizational Performance of Manufacturing Firms in Cross River State, Nigeria

Abstract

This study examined the effect of green strategic management on the organizational performance of manufacturing firms in Cross River State, with particular reference to Flour Mills Nigeria PLC, Calabar. Specifically, it investigated the effects of green innovation, green supply chain management and green human resource management on organizational performance. A descriptive survey research design was adopted. The population comprised 396 employees, from whom 196 respondents were selected through simple random sampling. Primary data were collected through a structured questionnaire validated by experts in business management and research methodology. The instrument recorded an overall Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of 0.887, confirming its reliability. Of the 196 questionnaires administered, 184 were completed and returned, representing a response rate of 93.9 per cent. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and multiple regression analysis with SPSS version 27 at the 5 per cent significance level. The findings showed that green innovation had a positive and significant effect on organizational performance (β = 0.341, t = 5.679, p < 0.001). Green supply chain management also had a positive and significant effect (β = 0.377, t = 6.103, p < 0.001), while green human resource management exerted a positive and significant effect (β = 0.296, t = 4.754, p < 0.001). Collectively, the variables explained 69.1 per cent of the variation in organizational performance. The study concluded that integrating environmental considerations into innovation, supply chain activities and human resource practices significantly improves overall organizational performance. It recommended cleaner technologies, environmentally responsible sourcing and regular employee environmental training.