Nilai Pendidikan Karakter Anak dalam Al-Qur'an Juz 30: Perspektif Teori Perkembangan Moral Lawrence Kohlberg

Abstract

Character education is an important aspect of children's moral development that can be instilled through religious teachings, one of which is the values contained in Juz 30 (Juz 'Amma) of the Qur'an. This study aims to identify the character education values found in the surahs of Juz 30, analyze them based on Lawrence Kohlberg's theory of moral development, and explain their relevance to children's moral development. The research employed a qualitative approach using library research as its method. Primary data were obtained from the exegesis (tafsir) of the surahs in Juz 30, while secondary data were collected from relevant books, journal articles, and previous studies. Data were analyzed through content analysis by categorizing the Qur'anic verses according to Kohlberg's stages of moral development, particularly the pre-conventional level.The findings reveal that the surahs in Juz 30 contain various character education values, including faith, social concern, honesty, patience, responsibility, gratitude, and the prohibition of arrogance and injustice. These values are relevant to the two stages of Kohlberg's pre-conventional level, namely the obedience-and-punishment orientation and the instrumental-relativist orientation. At the first stage, children understand morality through the relationship between behavior and punishment, whereas at the second stage, they perceive good behavior as a means of obtaining rewards and benefits. Therefore, Juz 'Amma has strong relevance as a medium for children's character education because its values correspond to children's moral development and can help them understand the concepts of right and wrong in a concrete manner.