Effect of temperature and residence time on energy recovery from the pyrolysis of Nypa fruticans fiber

Abstract

Biomass is a renewable resource that is often underutilized or inefficiently managed, posing significant challenges to sustainable resource use and environmental protection. With the depletion of fossil fuels, thermochemical conversion technologies such as pyrolysis and gasification have received increasing attention for energy recovery from waste. Among these, biomass pyrolysis is particularly promising, as it not only mitigates pollution but also generates high-value products including bio-oil, biochar, and syngas. This research investigated the feasibility of biochar from Nypa fruticans (NF) fiber during pyrolysis process which operated at 500 °C with controlled times of 10, 15, and 20 minutes with N2 flow rate 0.3 L/min. The biochar yield decreased slightly with increasing residence time, from 63.36% at 10 minutes to 60.26% at 20 minutes. These findings highlight the potential of agricultural residue pyrolysis as an efficient, low-cost, and sustainable strategy for waste management while enhancing the value of biomass-derived products for environmental applications.