Green and Sustainable Building Designs and Analysis of Sustainability Goals in the Context of Kuwait

Abstract

The urgent need to tackle Kuwait’s high energy consumption, withstand harsh climatic conditions, and respond to the growing global emphasis on sustainable urban development is paramount. This research explores the integration of green and sustainable building design principles within the context of Kuwait, aiming to align architectural practices with environmental responsibility and long-term energy efficiency. The study begins by clarifying the concept of sustainable and green building design through a comprehensive review of current and emerging technologies, materials, and strategies that promote environmental performance in the construction sector. The investigation then shifts focus to identifying recent advancements and innovations in sustainable building practices, particularly those relevant to residential structures. These include passive design strategies, energy-efficient envelopes, and renewable energy integration. To understand the local perspective, a structured survey was conducted targeting professionals and residents in Kuwait, examining levels of awareness, perceived benefits, and barriers to implementation. The findings revealed a gap between awareness and practical application, largely due to cost concerns, lack of incentives, and limited technical knowledge. Further analysis was conducted through simulation-based assessments of various building envelope configurations. Results highlighted the significant impact of optimised wall and roof assemblies on reducing heating and cooling loads throughout the year. In particular, specific design models demonstrated superior performance in Kuwait’s hot-arid climate, offering considerable energy savings and improved thermal comfort. The findings contribute valuable insights for professionals, policymakers, and researchers working toward a more sustainable built environment in arid regions.