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CLINICAL APPROACH AND VENTILATORY MANAGEMENT IN ACUTE RESPIRATORY DISCOMFORT SYNDROME

José Felipe de Brito Belchior Lais Delgado Saltara Murilo Barros Do Carmo G. Dumaresq Raniele Henrique Do Nascimento Henrique de Souza Leão Escarião Adriele Camilo Moraes Medeiros Larissa Cruz Pereira Dylmadson Iago Brito de Queiroz M. J. T. C. E. Silva Carolina de Andrade Suppi Wawgniniak Ana Luiza Carvalho Barbosa

Oct 2026 · International Journal of Health Management Review · 0 citations

Abstract

Abstract: Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) is a critical condition characterized by diffuse alveolar-capillary injury and refractory hypoxemia, associated with high mortality in intensive care units. The objective of this study is to analyze the current scientific evidence regarding the diagnosis, ventilatory management, and therapeutic support for ARDS. This is a narrative review of the literature conducted in the PubMed database, encompassing articles published in the last five years in Portuguese and English. The results highlight the importance of protective mechanical ventilation with reduced tidal volume (4–8 mL/kg of predicted body weight), limitation of airway pressures, and titration of PEEP. Adjuvant therapies, such as prolonged prone positioning in moderate-to-severe cases, early neuromuscular blockade, corticosteroid therapy, and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO-VV), have demonstrated a significant role in improving gas exchange and reducing mortality. In addition, point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) and electrical impedance tomography enhance regional monitoring. We conclude that the integrated management of ARDS, combined with the recognition of biological subphenotypes and a multidisciplinary approach, is essential for optimizing clinical outcomes.

DOI Semantic Scholar

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