ChatGPT for Intelligent Human–AI Interaction: Opportunities and Limitations

Abstract

The rapid advancement of large language models (LLMs) has significantly transformed the landscape of intelligent human–AI interaction. Among these developments, ChatGPT has emerged as a widely adopted conversational artificial intelligence system capable of supporting knowledge acquisition, content generation, programming assistance, educational tutoring, healthcare communication, and scientific writing. Its ability to understand natural language, generate context-aware responses, and perform diverse reasoning tasks has positioned it as a representative model of next-generation human-centered AI. Despite these advantages, concerns regarding factual reliability, hallucination, transparency, ethical responsibility, privacy, and evaluation consistency continue to challenge its widespread adoption. ChatGPT for Intelligent Human–AI Interaction: Opportunities and Limitations provides a comprehensive review of the technological foundations, capabilities, applications, and constraints associated with ChatGPT, emphasizing its role in enabling intelligent human–AI collaboration (Aczel & Wagenmakers, 2023). The study adopts a qualitative review methodology based exclusively on twelve selected scholarly references related to chatbot technology, large language models, transparency, reasoning evaluation, academic writing, healthcare applications, multilingual performance, and AI limitations. Comparative synthesis reveals that ChatGPT demonstrates remarkable versatility across multiple domains while simultaneously exhibiting persistent challenges related to hallucination, explainability, domain-specific accuracy, and responsible deployment. The review further identifies research gaps involving transparency frameworks, evaluation methodologies, and human-centered governance mechanisms. The findings suggest that future conversational AI systems should integrate explainable reasoning, improved factual verification, multimodal intelligence, and ethical safeguards to maximize trustworthy human–AI interaction. ChatGPT for Intelligent Human–AI Interaction: Opportunities and Limitations therefore contributes a structured academic synthesis that supports researchers, practitioners, educators, and policymakers in understanding both the opportunities and limitations associated with modern conversational AI technologies (Aczel & Wagenmakers, 2023).