A Study to Assess the Prevalence of Modifiable Risk Factors of Diabetes Mellitus Among Adults in Selected Urban Community Areas, Gurugram

Abstract

: Background: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a major public health issue, with modifiable risk factors such as obesity, sedentary lifestyle, and poor diet contributing to its rise. Understanding community knowledge and attitudes is vital for prevention. Methods: A descriptive survey was conducted in urban Gurugram (Sector 43 Sushant Lok, DLF Phase 1). Using probability simple random sampling, 100 adults aged 18 – 45 years were selected. Data were collected through a self-structured knowledge questionnaire and a five-point Likert scale for attitudes. Reliability of tools was r = 0.72. Analysis employed descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: Findings revealed that 58% of participants had average knowledge, 40% poor, and only 2% good knowledge of modifiable risk factors. Attitudes were more favorable, with 66% showing positive attitudes toward awareness, lifestyle modification, and prevention, while 34% had negative attitudes. Family history of diabetes was present in 28% of subjects, and 66% reported no prior knowledge of the disease. Conclusion: The study highlights limited knowledge but relatively positive attitudes toward T2DM prevention. Educational interventions and informational guidelines are urgently needed to improve awareness and promote healthier lifestyles.