"Orthognathic Considerations for Facial Feminization in Patients With Class III Malocclusion".

Abstract

Orthognathic surgery has significant functional and aesthetic impacts on patients. While its benefits in individuals with Class III malocclusion-improving self-esteem, quality of life, and perceived attractiveness-are well documented, its role in facial feminization surgery (FFS) remains underexplored. This review highlights orthognathic surgery as an essential adjunct in FFS for patients with concave profiles and Class III malocclusion, offering simultaneous correction of malocclusion and feminization of facial contours. We review important considerations for treatment planning, operative sequencing, and modifications in surgical techniques in order to optimize outcomes. By addressing both functional and aesthetic dimensions, orthognathic surgery expands the scope of FFS, offering feminine patients (both transgender and cisgender) improved dentofacial relationships and gender congruence. This retrospective review was approved by the Duke University Health System Institutional Review Board (Protocol ID Pro00119505) and was determined to be exempt from further re.