Knowledge Access in Kenya’s Clean Energy Entrepreneurship: Understanding Ecosystem Constraints for Women and Youth

Abstract

Clean energy transitions are increasingly recognized as central to addressing climate change and expanding economic opportunities, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. However, participation in clean energy entrepreneurship is shaped not only by access to finance and technology, but also by access to knowledge. This study examines how knowledge access influences women- and youth-led clean energy enterprises in Kenya. Using a cross-sectional mixed-methods approach, the study draws on survey data from 891 enterprises and qualitative insights from key informant interviews. The findings show that most entrepreneurs experience significant constraints in accessing knowledge related to business development, regulatory processes, and growth strategies. While descriptive analysis suggests variation across education levels, regression results identify sector participation as the most consistent predictor of knowledge access. The findings provide evidence for policymakers and ecosystem actors to strengthen inclusive knowledge-sharing systems, improve coordination among support institutions, and design targeted interventions that enhance the growth of women- and youth-led clean energy enterprises while accelerating Kenya's clean energy transition.