Características clínico epidemiológicas en menores de 5 años con síndrome febril atendidos en Emergencia del Hospital Regional JAMO II-2 Tumbes, Abril – junio 2025*

Abstract

Objective: To determine the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of children under 5 years of age with febrile syndrome treated in the Emergency Department of Hospital Regional JAMO II-2 Tumbes during the period from April to June 2025. Materials and Methods: A descriptive, observational, cross-sectional, non-experimental study was conducted. The sample consisted of 279 medical records of children treated in the Emergency Department from April to June 2025. Generalized linear models (GLM) were used to calculate prevalence ratios (PR) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). Results: The mean age was 47.73 ± 13.26 months, with a predominance of males (60.22%) and patients from urban areas (88.89%). The mean recorded temperature was 38.49 ± 0.54 °C. The most frequent clinical manifestations were cough (61.29%), irritability (50.18%), and rhinorrhea (49.46%). Among the diagnoses associated with febrile syndrome, acute respiratory infection was predominant (32.26%), followed by acute diarrheal disease (14.70%) and urinary tract infection (4.30%). A statistically significant association was also found between febrile syndrome and acute respiratory infection (p<0.001), as well as with the presence of rhinorrhea (PR: 1.21; 95% CI: 1.01–1.45; p=0.037) and rural residence (PR: 0.63; 95% CI: 0.42–0.97; p=0.035). Conclusions: Febrile syndrome in children under 5 years of age treated in the Emergency Department was characterized by a predominance of respiratory manifestations and primarily affected male patients and those from urban areas. A significant association was also observed with rhinorrhea and rural residence, with acute respiratory infection being the most frequently associated diagnosis