MIGRATION ISSUE IN ONE SPANISH FREE VERSE: CHALLENGES OF ITS TRANSLATION INTO RUSSIAN

Abstract

The article aims to identify and describe the specifics and difficulties of translating a poetic work on migration from Spanish into Russian presenting the author's vision of migration and migrant. The material for the study was Eduardo Galeano's book “Modern Emigrants” consisting of 21 lines, 427 words. The study used pre-translation, dictionary entry, contextual and post-translation analyses. It was found that to convey the issue of migration, the author used the following linguistic means that present translation difficulties: natural metaphors, comparison, hyperbole, etc. The results demonstrate that for the translation of Spanish-language free verse into Russian, the following translation techniques take priority: generalization, compression, contextual substitutions and equivalents that preserve emotional-expressive coloring. At the grammatical level, inversion and parts of speech substitution were applied. The interrelated issues of migration and the national culture peculiarities became the major factors of lexical and grammatical changes. They determined the introduction of translation comments necessary to fully convey the author's idea. The results of the study demonstrate that preserving the rhythmic pattern of the Spanish-language verlibra when translated into Russian is an achievable goal. The comparison of the original and translated versions shows that in the author’s worldview, migration is presented as escape, risk, poverty and humiliation at the borders, as well as a bureaucratic process where the migrant is perceived as a set of “permissive papers”, not as a full-fledged person who has the right to live in more comfortable conditions.