在阿·阿·乌赫托姆斯基院士主导学说背景下基于伊· 康德与阿·叔本华著作分析体育运动中意志力的哲学论证

Abstract

The article examines the theoretical and practical significance of the philosophical concepts of will by Immanuel Kant and Arthur Schopenhauer, as well as the physiological teachings of Academician A.A. Ukhtomsky on the dominant for the formation of willpower and goal-oriented dominant in individuals engaged in various sports. An analysis of philosophical and psychophysiological literature provides grounds to believe that Kant's understanding of the will as the ability to act from a sense of duty and in spite of inclinations, Schopenhauer's concept of the will as the metaphysical basis of human existence, and Ukhtomsky's doctrine of the dominant as a stable focus of excitation that subjugates all functional systems of the body, create an integrative theoretical basis for understanding the mechanisms of volitional regulation in sports. The authors present a comparative table of the specifics of the manifestation and development of volitional qualities in various sports disciplines - basketball, football, swimming, athletics, boxing, and gymnastics. The necessity is justified 本文探讨了伊曼努尔·康德与阿图尔·叔本华关于意志的哲学概念 以及阿·阿·乌赫托姆斯基院士关于主导主体的生理学学说 在针对从事各类运动的人员培养意志力与目标主导倾向方面的理论及实践意义。对哲学和心理生理学文献的分析有充分理由表明 康德将意志理解为出于责任感并违背本能偏好而行动的能力 叔本华将意志视为人类存在之形而上学基础的观点 以及乌赫托姆斯基将主导主体视为使有机体所有功能系统统辖于己的稳定兴奋灶的学说 共同构建了理解体育运动中意志调节机制的综合理论基础。作者提出了关于意志品质在不同运动项目 篮球、足球、游泳、田径、拳击和体操 中的表现与发展特性的对比表。论证了运动员学习意志哲学的必要性 旨在通过增强意志力和塑造稳定的目标主导倾向来提高运动成绩