边界作为城市化进程的推动力与约束力 国际实践中边境条件的正负效应 - - 以俄罗斯联邦西北联邦区城市为例

Abstract

Contemporary urban planning policy in border cities is characterized by the phenomenon of “phantom presence,” in which the regulatory and legal framework is formally significant but only partially effective due to the primacy of the Federal Law on the State Border [1]. Despite this, international practice, although limited in the number of cases, demonstrates the resilience of development models in border territories and highlights their strategic importance for regional spatial organization and long-term planning. Previously, the author examined global analogues of cross-border urbanization and agglomeration development and proposed a two-factor typology alongside a SWOT analysis framework based on the model by Yu. V. Ordynskaya [2,3]. This study further develops the discussion by analyzing both the positive and negative effects of state borders on urbanization and agglomeration formation in border regions. The research is based on comparative international cases and is correlated with the current socio-spatial situation along the western border of the Northwestern Federal District of the Russian Federation, where cross-border interactions remain structurally constrained but developmentally significant. Particular attention is paid to identifying recurring spatial patterns, institutional limitations, and drivers of urban resilience under conditions of border influence. 边境城市当代的城市规划政策具有“幽灵般存在” phantom presence 现象的特征 由于《国家国界法》 [1] 具有优先效力 法定监管框架在形式上十分重要 但在实际中仅部分有效。尽管如此 国际实践 尽管案例数量有限 展示了边境地区发展模式的韧性 并突出了其对区域空间组织和长期规划的战略意义。 此前 作者研究了跨界城市化与都市圈发展的全球同类案例 提出了双因素类型学 并基于尤·维·奥尔丁斯卡娅 Yu. V. Ordynskaya 的模型构建了 SWOT 分析框架 [2,3]。本研究通过分析国家边界对边境地区城市化及都市圈形成产生的正负效应 进一步深化了相关讨论。本研究基于国际比较案例 并结合俄罗斯联邦西北联邦区西部边境当前的社会空间现状 - - 在此地区 跨界互动在结构上仍受约束 但对发展具有重要意义。研究特别关注识别重复出现的空间模式、制度局限性以及边境影响条件下城市韧性的驱动因素