AN EFFICIENT SYNTHESIS OF BENZO[h]QUINOLINE-3-CARBONITRILES USING GREEN NANO-TiO2UNDERSONICATION

Abstract

In this research article, we have reported the green procedure for the synthesis of TiO2 nanoparticles using the leaf extract of Raphanus sativusas a natural reducing and stabilising agent. The structure and morphology of synthesisednanoparticles (NPs) have been confirmed by various techniques, including FT-IR, SEM, TEM, XRD, and EDXanalyses. The synthesised TiO2 NPs were utilised as an efficient green heterogeneous catalyst for the synthesis of benzo[h]quinoline-3-carbonitrile derivatives via a four-component reaction of benzaldehyde, malononitrile or - cyanoacetic ester, α-tetralone, and ammonium acetate under sonication in an aqueous medium. The present optimised reaction conditions afforded a high yield of desired products within a short reaction time, alongwithreasonable purity. Additionally, the nanocatalyst was readily recoverable and could be reused for multiple cycles.