Circular Transformation in the Silk Sector: A Fuzzy Delphi–DEMATEL Analysis of Critical Factors

Abstract

The circular transformation in the silk industry is crucial for enhancing resource efficiency and minimizing waste. Despite growing interest in circularity within the textile sector, the silk industry remains underexplored. This study addresses this gap by systematically assessing the barriers and enablers influencing circular economy adoption in silk. A two‐stage methodology was applied. First, a comprehensive literature review combined with expert input identified key factors, which were then validated using the fuzzy Delphi method (FDM) with 16 experts from industry and academia, resulting in nine barriers and 12 enablers. Next, the Decision‐Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) technique examined the prominence and causal relationships among these factors. Results indicate that lack of policy support from fashion brands, ineffective planning, and inadequate communication are the most significant barriers, while limited consumer awareness and high technology costs strongly influence other barriers. Key enablers include upcycling business models, rediscovery of silk knowledge, and waste material recovery. Resource efficiency culture, design for longevity, and traditional expertise act as causal drivers. The study provides actionable guidance for managers, policymakers, and researchers, offering practical and theoretical insights to advance circularity in silk.