2022· International journal of all research education and scientific methods· 0 citations
Abstract
The use of appropriate rhetorical moves (RMs) and meta-discourse markers (MMs) improve the argumentative and persuasive force of academic texts, such as essays, thesis, seminar papers, and articles. However, authors from different language backgrounds and levels of expertise may use different RMs and MMs when writing in a foreign language. This study is aimed at describing how Indonesian authors in Applied Linguistics use RMs and MMs in their research article abstracts (RAAs) published in international and local journals. 20 RAAs published in international journals and 20 RAAs published in local journals were chosen for the corpora of this study. Swales (2009) five rhetorical moves for RAAs and Hyland's (2005) taxonomy of MMs were used as models in the analyses. The results reveal that different from international journal readers’ expectations, Indonesian authorsin Applied Linguistics use only 3 Moves (Moves 2, 3 & 4) classified as obligatory and 2 Moves (Moves 1 & 5) conventional. Also, they use interactive MMs far more frequently in Moves 3 and 4 because these two moves are relatively longer than the other three moves. As found in other similar studies, the Indonesian authors use interactive MMs far more frequently than interactional MMs because they concern more about their text cohesion, coherence, and convincing rather than their interaction with the potential readers.
Formal debates are a necessary discourse genre in language learning (CEFR and PCIC). One of the linguistic
elements that learners must master in order to produce them is the use of Discourse Marking Mechanisms (DMMs) to guide their
contributions, defend the theses held and manage the interaction. This study aims to analyse the repertoire and use of DMMs used
by B2 learners in debate activities. The corpus examined consists of 12 debates (113 minutes of recording) which are analysed from
a pragmatic approach using mixed methods (qualitative and quantitative). The results indicate that DMMs mainly fulfil a cognitive
function and students use a basic repertoire of DMMs, which are introduced, according to the PCIC, at the initial levels. From the
analysis we derive the need for the explicit teaching of DMMs linked to the debate genre.
Marta García-Balsas, Laura Acosta-Ortega· Spanish in Context· 0 citations
English verb tenses present significant challenges impacting both writing and translation into English by non-native speakers. This paper examines the translation of tenses from French to English in a corpus of 40 thesis abstracts across disciplines including biology, geology, physics, chemistry, and mathematics and computer sciences, submitted by Moroccan doctoral students with no prior training in translation. Drawing on Day’s (1995), Malcolm’s (1987), and Salager-Meyer’s (1992) functional frameworks, the study classifies each tense mismatch according to the rhetorical function it serves in scientific discourse. The analysis shows that most mismatches follow a recurring pattern in which a French passé composé reporting the students’ own methods, results, or attribution to prior research is rendered in the English present tense, blurring the distinction between the students’ specific findings and established disciplinary knowledge. These patterns point to gaps in genre awareness, rather than to general English proficiency alone. The findings of this analysis have the potential to significantly inform curriculum designers in the development of specialized language courses tailored to enhance the genre awareness, academic writing, and translation skills of multilingual doctoral students .
Kaoutar Atarchi, Abdelkrim Elamari, Mohamed Marouane· International Journal of Lin...· 0 citations
Educational mandates promoting a research culture among educators and students emphasize the importance of high-quality research publications. A critical component of this is writing effective research abstracts, a key requirement for journal acceptance. This comparative genre-based study aimed to analyze the macrostructure and linguistic features of 40 local agricultural research abstracts from a state university journal and 40 international abstracts from reputable journals covering 2011-2024. Using Hyland’s (2000, 2004, 2005) frameworks, the rhetorical structures, metadiscourse patterns, and communicative functions of the corpora were analyzed. Both local and international abstracts commonly employed moves like Purpose, Method, and Product. Local abstracts considered the Introduction and Conclusion moves as optional, while these moves were conventional in international abstracts. Typical patterns for local abstracts were PMPrC and PMPr, while most international abstracts followed Hyland's IPMPrC framework. Both sets used metadiscourse markers, but international abstracts employed them more frequently, favoring boosters over hedges to emphasize certainty and validation. These findings highlight the importance of adhering to international academic writing norms to enhance research visibility and impact, with implications for teaching academic writing and research.
Frelita O. Bartolome, W. Magday· English Language Teaching Ed...· 0 citations
The Japanese adverb chotto is commonly introduced as a scalar expression meaning ‘a little’, ‘slightly’, or ‘for a short while’. In actual use, however, it also performs a range of pragmatic functions. Speakers may use it to attract attention, maintain a conversational turn, reduce the directness of a request, signal hesitation, or introduce a negative response without stating it explicitly. This study provides a descriptive account of these uses based on 515 tokens collected from selected Japanese literary works and recorded media materials. Each token was assigned one primary function on the basis of its immediate linguistic and situational context. For the purposes of analysis, the identified functions were consolidated into three broad domains: lexical scalar content, discourse management, and speech-act or interpersonal regulation. Lexical scalar uses account for 109 tokens (21.2%), discourse-management uses for 83 (16.1%), and speech-act or interpersonal uses for 323 (62.7%). The results show that, within the present dataset, chotto occurs more frequently as a resource for organizing interaction and adjusting communicative actions than as an expression of objectively limited quantity, degree, or duration. The study does not claim that the dataset represents Japanese usage as a whole. Rather, it offers a systematic description of the principal functions observed in the selected materials and clarifies why chotto cannot be adequately explained through a single dictionary equivalent.
Anh, Nguyen Thi Van, Anh, Nguyen Thi Lan· INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOC...· 0 citations
Despite the expansion of French-language teaching in Bangladesh, error-analysis research on Bangladeshi learners remains underexplored. This mixed-methods study investigates this area by identifying common grammatical errors among 47 Bengali-speaking French beginners at the University of Dhaka. A written corpus of 53 essays, comprising 425 sentences, was analyzed using Corder’s (1974) Error Analysis framework and Dulay et al.’s (1982) Surface Strategy Taxonomy, with focus group discussions involving 25 participants. Results revealed 136 grammatical errors (averaging 32 errors per 100 sentences), with noun-related errors the most frequent (36.76%), closely followed by verb-related errors (33.82%). Misinformation and omissions dominated, and participants reported negative transfer from English (L2), overgeneralization, and simplification strategies as reasons for errors. The study showed how a cross-linguistic background shapes interlanguage, indicating that teaching should include contrastive, form-focused instruction to reduce errors.
Tanjina Najnin Tania, Md. Monir Hossain· International Journal of Lan...· 0 citations
The present study aims to investigate the differences between Iranian (Persian-speaking) and Arab writers in the use of meta/discourse markers in Arabic academic writing. Emphasizing analysis at both the functional and individual marker levels, this study sought to answer the main research question of whether a significant difference exists between the two groups of writers in their use of meta/discourse markers. The research methodology was quantitative and corpus-based. The data comprised 200 academic article abstracts in the humanities and social sciences, selected through purposive sampling (100 abstracts by Iranian writers and 100 abstracts by Arab writers). meta/discourse markers were classified into 12 functions and 87 individual markers based on an integrated framework drawing on models by Fraser (2006) and Hyland (2005). Data were analyzed using Generalized Linear Models with a negative binomial distribution in SPSS software.The findings revealed that at the functional level, the pattern of discourse marker use did not differ significantly between the two groups (p = 0.063), with both groups employing additive, referential, explanatory, and introductory functions most frequently. However, at the level of individual markers, a significant difference was observed between the two groups (p 0.001). The marker wa (‘and’) was the most frequent marker overall, accounting for 38.1% of all uses, and was used significantly more often by Arab writers. Arab writers also made significantly greater use of the markers bal (contrastive), min khilāl (referential), qad (hedging), and mithl (explanatory). In contrast, Iranian writers employed introductory verbal markers such as yatanāwal, yuḥāwil, and yas‘ā, as well as inferential markers like aẓharat natā’ij... and tawuṣṣala, significantly more frequently.