INNOVATIVE TECHNIQUES IN THE CULTIVATION OF ESSENTIAL OIL CROPS IN THE MIDDLE VOLGA REGION

Abstract

In modern crop production, there is a growing interest in innovative and environmentally friendly approaches to crop cultivation. One of such elements of technology is foliar feeding of plants with micronutrients. The article presents the results of the application of micronutrient fertilizers in the cultivation technology of Nigella damascena and Coriander sativa in the forest-steppe conditions of the Middle Volga region. The highest yield of nigella was observed in the variants with microfertilizers Polishans and Beres (1.72 and 1.76 t/ha), which was 0.31-0.35 t/ha higher than the control variant. The highest yield of coriander was observed in variants treated with Folirus (1.69 t/ha) and Biostim (1.66 t/ha). These results exceed the control indicator by 0.25 and 0.22 t/ha, respectively. The use of the studied preparations increased the seed productivity of one nigella plant to 1.82 g, coriander to 2.49 g, which significantly (by 0.40 and 0.70 g) exceeded the control. The use of microfertilizers stimulated an increase in the weight of 1000 coriander and nigella seeds by 0.35-1.28 g and 0.03-0.27 g. The use of microfertilizers Beres and Biostim contributed to an increase in the oil content of nigella and coriander seeds by 2.3-2.4% and 2.6-2.8%. The use of other preparations increased the level of oil content of crops relative to the control variant by 0.5-2.4%. Foliar treatment of coriander with Beres and Cytovit preparations leads to an increase in the concentration of oleic acid to 80.4 and 80.8%, respectively. The use of Cytovit and Folirus on nigella crops led to an increase in the content of linoleic acid - up to 49.9 and 49.1%, which is 1.8-2.6% higher than the control variant.