TL;DR
This review systematically summarizes the evolutionary expansion, structural characteristics, classification, and activation mechanisms of plant CDPK families, and systematically compare CDPK functional uniqueness relative to parallel Ca2+ sensor and kinase cascades.
This review establishes Ca2+, ROS and NO signalling as an integrated feedback network that links pathogen perception, calcium decoding, local and systemic defence, and maintenance of immune homeostasis across tissues and summarizes current knowledge of Ca2+ channels and sensor proteins involved in plant immunity.
It is shown that Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) CDKB1s contribute to salt stress adaptation through a mechanism involving the phosphorylation of MAP65-1 and MAP65-2, two microtubule-associated proteins essential for cytoskeleton dynamics under salt stress.
Current knowledge of RLK structural diversity, signal transduction mechanisms, and network integration is synthesized, highlighting their central role in cell wall integrity surveillance, stress adaptation, and emerging strategies for engineering climate-resilient crops.
Extracellular Adenosine 5'-triphosphate (eATP) is a damage-associated molecular pattern in both plants and animals, playing an important role as a danger signal in response to various environmental stresses. eATP works both independently and in coordination with other signaling pathways. Here, we identify a previously...
This review explores how this signaling complex has evolved across different plant species and how it enables the perception of extracellular auxin to trigger fast cellular responses, including global phosphorylation, apoplastic acidification, and cytoskeletal changes, within seconds.
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