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Respiratory Syncytial Virus–Related Hospitalizations Among Infants Receiving Nirsevimab

S. A. Buchan Jian-Ling Xie M. Bhatt J. Papenburg D. Goldfarb J. Pernica Brett Burstein J. Gravel S. Berthelot April J. Kam N. Poonai Mohamed Eltorki Yaron Finkelstein V. Sabhaney Jeffrey Cheng Peter J. Gill J. Dickinson J. Kwong Stephen B. Freedman

Sep 2026 · JAMA Network Open · Vol 9 · 0 citations · 42 references

Medicine

Abstract

Key Points Question Was nirsevimab clinically effective against respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)–related emergency department (ED) visits, inpatient hospitalizations, and intensive care unit (ICU) admissions in Ontario and Quebec, Canada, during the 2024-2025 RSV season? Findings In this test-negative case-control study of 1942 encounters in infants tested for RSV (683 cases with RSV-positive test results and 1259 controls with RSV-negative test results), 22.1% received nirsevimab. Estimated effectiveness of nirsevimab was 77% against ED visits, 79% against hospitalizations, and 97% against ICU admissions. Meaning The findings of this study suggest that nirsevimab is highly effective in preventing severe RSV disease that requires hospital-based care and can substantially reduce the burden of severe RSV disease.

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