Source-Load Coordinated Low-Carbon Economic Dispatch of Power Systems Considering Dynamic Carbon Emission Factor and Demand Response

Abstract

The power industry accounts for more than 40% of China’s energy-related carbon emissions, making its low-carbon operation crucial to the dual carbon goals. To address the static treatment of the carbon emission factor and the lack of source-load coordination in existing low-carbon dispatch studies, this paper proposes a source-load coordinated low-carbon economic dispatch method considering the dynamic carbon emission factor (DCEF) and demand response. Based on the carbon emission flow theory, the DCEF is defined within the average electricity carbon emission factor category and employed as a carbon signal to guide the inter-temporal transfer of shiftable loads; a tiered carbon trading mechanism is incorporated, and the resulting model is solved as a convex quadratic program within a damped iteration framework. Case studies on a modified IEEE 30-bus system show that carbon emissions, total cost, and renewable curtailment are reduced by 6.74%, 8.33%, and 35.0%, respectively, compared with traditional economic dispatch.