Intelligent Energy Prediction in Smart Manufacturing Using Deep Learning Techniques

Abstract

The transition toward smart manufacturing requires advanced energy management strategies that leverage artificial intelligence to improve operational efficiency and sustainability. This study proposes a novel deep learning framework based on a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) network for analyzing and predicting energy consumption in smart manufacturing environments using real-time data acquired from Internet of Things (IoT)-enabled industrial sensors. Unlike previous studies that primarily focus on offline energy forecasting or static datasets, the proposed approach integrates temporal energy consumption patterns from heterogeneous sensor streams to support predictive energy management and dynamic load optimization. The collected data were preprocessed through normalization and feature engineering before being trained and evaluated using the LSTM model. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed model achieves a Mean Absolute Error (MAE) of 0.84 kWh, a Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of 2.13 kWh, and a coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.987, indicating high prediction accuracy. Furthermore, the predictive framework enables an estimated energy consumption reduction of 14.8% through proactive load scheduling. These findings demonstrate that integrating LSTM-based deep learning with IoT sensor networks provides an effective solution for intelligent energy forecasting, improves manufacturing efficiency, and contributes to sustainable industrial development.