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Review

Euclid Quick Data Release (Q1) Euclid spectroscopy of quasars. 2. Physical properties from spectral fitting

Euclid Collaboration J. Calhau G. Calderone A. Feltre M. Scialpi V. Allevato H. Landt F. Ricci Y. Fu L. Spinoglio F. Shankar L. Nicastro A. Viitanen G. Zamorani M. Mezcua F. La Franca D. Stern E. Lusso J. Wolf A. Paulino-Afonso S. Andreon N. Auricchio C. Baccigalupi M. Baldi S. Bardelli P. Battaglia A. Biviano M. Bolzonella E. Branchini M. Brescia S. Camera V. Capobianco C. Carbone J. Carretero M. Castellano G. Castignani S. Cavuoti K. Chambers A. Cimatti C. Colodro-Conde G. Congedo C. J. Conselice L. Conversi Y. Copin F. Courbin H. Courtois M. Cropper H. Degaudenzi G. de Lucia H. Dole F. Dubath X. Dupac S. Dusini A. Ealet S. Escoffier M. Farina S. Ferriol F. Finelli S. Fotopoulou N. Fourmanoit M. Frailis M. Fumana L. Gabarra S. Galeotta K. George B. Gillis C. Giocoli J. Graciá-Carpio A. Grazian F. Grupp W. Hartley S. Haugan S. Hemmati W. Holmes I. Hook F. Hormuth A. Hornstrup M. Huertas-Company K. Jahnke M. Jhabvala B. Joachimi S. Kermiche A. Kiessling B. Kubik M. Kümmel M. Kunz H. Kurki-Suonio A. L. Le Brun V. Le Brun S. Ligori P. Lilje V. Lindholm I. Lloro M. Magliocchetti G. Mainetti O. Mansutti O. Marggraf M. Martinelli N. Martinet F. Marulli R. Massey N. Mauri E. Medinaceli S. Mei M. Meneghetti E. Merlin G. Meylan P. Monaco A. Mora Michele Moresco C. Moretti L. Moscardini C. Neissner S. Niemi J. Nightingale C. Padilla S. Paltani F. Pasian K. Pedersen W. Percival V. Pettorino A. Pezzotta S. Pires G. Polenta M. Poncet L. Popa L. Pozzetti F. Raison R. Rebolo A. Renzi J. Rhodes G. Riccio I. Risso E. Romelli M. Roncarelli B. Rusholme R. Saglia Z. Sakr D. Sapone B. Sartoris P. Schneider T. Schrabback M. Scodeggio A. Secroun E. Sihvola P. Simon C. Sirignano G. Sirri L. Stanco C. Surace P. Tallada-Crespí A. Taylor H. Teplitz I. Tereno S. Toft R. Toledo-Moreo F. Torradeflot I. Tutusaus J. Valiviita T. Vassallo D. Vibert Y. Wang J. Weller A. Zacchei E. Zucca M. Ballardini P. Bergamini S. Borgani E. Bozzo C. Burigana R. Cabanac A. Cappi T. Castro J. A. Escartin Vigo J. García-Bellido T. Gasparetto A. Loureiro J. Macias-Perez R. Maoli R. B. Metcalf M. Pöntinen E. Sarpa V. Scottez M. Sereno M. Tenti M. Tucci M. Viel M. Wiesmann J. A. Acevedo Barroso Y. Akrami I. Andika G. Angora S. Anselmi M. Archidiacono G. Aricò F. Atrio-Barandela É. Aubourg M. Baes L. Baumont L. Bazzanini D. Bertacca M. Béthermin F. Beutler L. Bisigello A. Blanchard L. Blot M. L. Brown S. Bruton A. Calabró B. Quevedo F. Caro C. Carvalho F. Cogato T. Collett S. Conseil A. Cooray P. Corcho-Caballero B. Csizi O. Cucciati H. Dannerbauer S. Davini T. D. de Boer F. De Paolis G. Desprez A. Díaz-Sánchez S. Di Domizio J. M. Diego V. Duret A. Enia Y. Fang A. Farina A. Ferrari A. Finoguenov F. Fontanot A. Franco K. Ganga R. Gavazzi E. Gaztañaga Z. Ghaffari F. Giacomini F. Gianotti G. Gozaliasl A. Gruppuso M. Guidi C. M. Gutierrez A. Hall N. A. Hatch H. Hildebrandt J. Hjorth J. Kajava Y. Kang Vanshika Kansal D. Karagiannis J. Kim C. Kirkpatrick A. Kov'acs I. Kovačić K. Koyama S. Kruk Marco C. Lam G. Leroy J. Lesgourgues L. Linke S.-J. Liu X. Lopez G. Maggio F. Mannucci F. Marleau C. J. A. Martins M. Migliaccio M. Miluzio G. Morgante S. Nadathur K. Naidoo A. Navarro-Alsina A. Nersesian S. Nesseris F. Oppizzi F. Pace D. Paoletti F. Passalacqua K. Paterson L. Patrizii A. Pisani D. Potter G. W. Pratt S. Quai M. Radovich G. Rodighiero K. Rojas W. Roster S. Sacquegna M. Sahlén D. Sanders A. Schneider D. Sciotti E. Sellentin S. Serjeant J. Sorce M. Talia K. Tanidis C. Tao F. Tarsitano G. Testera R. Teyssier S. Tosi A. Troja C. Uhlemann C. Valieri A. Venhola G. Verza S. Vinciguerra M. von Wietersheim-Kramsta L. Wang A. H. W. I. A. di Capodimonte 16 ViaMoiariello 80131 Napoli Italy INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste 11 ViaG.B.Tiepolo 34151 Trieste INAF-Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri 5. LargoE.Fermi 50125 Firenze D. Astronomia U. Firenze 1. viaG.Sansone 50019 Sesto Fiorentino U. Trento 14 ViaSommarive I. Trento D. Physics Centre for Extragalactic Astronomy Durham University S. Road Durham DH1 3LE Uk D. O. Mathematics Physics Roma Tre University 84 ViadellaVascaNavale 00133 Rome INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma 33 viaFrascati 00078 Monteporzio Catone Leiden Observatory Leiden University 55 Einsteinweg 2333 CC Leiden T. Netherlands K. Institute University of Groningen P. Box 9700 AV Groningen I. D. A. E. P. Spaziali Via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100 00133 Roma School Of Physics Astronomy U. Southampton Highfields Campus Southampton SO17 1BJ INAF-Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza Dello Spazio di Bologna V. Gobetti 40129 Bologna Department of Physics Astronomy U. Geneva 16 ch.d'Ecogia 1290 Versoix Switzerland Helsinki Institute of Physics 2. GustafHällströminkatu U. Helsinki 0. Helsinki Finland Institute of Space Sciences C. Uab Carrer de Can Magrans Sn. 08193 Barcelona Spain I. D. E. D. Catalunya Edifici Rdit C. Upc 08860 Castelldefels Barcelona Jet Propulsion Laboratory California institute of Technology 4800 Oak Grove Drive Pasadena Ca 91109 Usa Max-Planck-Institut fur Astronomie 17 Konigstuhl 69117 Heidelberg Germany E. Observatory 2. Karl-Schwarzschild-Str. 85748 Garching Centro de Astrofı́sica da Universidade do Porto Rua das Estrelas 4169-007 Porto Portugal Instituto de Astrofísica e Ciências do Espaço U. Porto Caup PT4150-762 Porto INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera 28 ViaBrera 20133 Milano Ifpu Institute for Fundamental Physics of the Universe 2. viaBeirut 34151 Trieste Infn Sezione di Trieste 2. ViaValerio TS 34127Trieste Sissa International School For Advanced Studies Via Bonomea TS 34136Trieste U. Bologna V. Gobetti I. di Bologna 62 VialeBertiPichat 40129 Bologna D. Fisica U. Genova 33 viaDodecaneso 16146 Genova INFN-Sezione di Genova D. Pancini University Federico 6. ViaCinthia 80126 Napoli U. Torino 1. viaP.Giuria 10125 Torino INFN-Sezione di Torino INAF-Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino 20 viaOsservatorio 1. P. Torinese Inaf-Iasf Milano 12 ViaAlfonsoCorti 20133 Milano Centro de Investigaciones Energ'eticas Medioambientales Y. Tecnol'ogicas 40 AvenidaComplutense 28692 Madrid Port d'Informaci'O Cient'ifica C. Sn 08193 Bellaterra INFN-Sezione di Napoli I. F. Astronomy U. Hawai'i 2680 Woodlawn Drive Honolulu Hi D. Bologna Instituto de Astrof́isica de Canarias E. Laguna Tenerife U. Edinburgh Royal Observatory B. Hill Edinburgh EH9 3HJ J. B. C. F. Astrophysics Astronomy U. Manchester Oxford Road M13 9PL European Space AgencyESRIN 1. LargoGalileoGalilei 00044 Frascati Roma Esacesa C. D. del Castillo Sn. Urb. Villafranca del Castillo 28692 Villanueva de la Cañada Madrid 1. Universit'eClaudeBernardLyon CNRS-IN2P3 Ipn Lyon Umr Villeurbanne F-69100 France Institut de Ciències del Cosmos U. Barcelona 1. Mart'iiFranques 08193 Barcelona I. C. de Recerca I Estudis Avançats 23 PasseigdeLluı́sCompanys 08193 Barcelona
Sep 2026 · 0 citations · 24 references
Physics

Abstract

A substantial volume of spectroscopic data has become available with the Euclid Data Release (Q1), which represents a unique opportunity to study quasars (QSOs) in the Euclid Deep Fields, provide spectroscopic measurements, and estimates of their physical properties. We present results from a spectroscopic analysis of QSOs with HE<= 22.5 using Q1. We use external catalogues from surveys such as the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI), Gaia, Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE), and the QUasars as BRIght beacons for Cosmology in the Southern hemisphere (QUBRICS) for the QSO selection and redshift determination, totaling 5489 QSOs. We provide measurements of the line fluxes, full widths at half-maximum, and respective uncertainties for the emission lines of Euclid spectra based on fitting statistica and signal-to-noise ratio (S/N). Of the total 5489 QSOs, 5387 are successfully fitted. We find that 45% of the total number of successfully fitted spectra are free of problematic artefacts allowing for trustworthy measurements. Our final Euclid QSO sample spans a redshift range of 0.01<= z<= 4.8 and shows a median spectral index of {\alpha}{\lambda} = - 1.17. Finally, we estimate black hole masses with single epoch methods for 1213 sources, using the He I {\lambda}10830, Pa {\beta}, H {\alpha}, H {\beta}, and Mg II emission lines, obtainning a mean logarithmc mass of log10 (MBH / Msolar) = 8.7 and mean Edigton ratio of {\lambda}Edd = 0.34. The catalogue with the physical properties of this sample together with the software developed for the analysis is available online for scientific exploitation.

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