Prevalence of Non-Communicable Diseases in Nigeria; a Nine Year Systematic Review

Abstract

Introduction: Globally, Non-Communicable Diseases are responsible for 41 million Deaths each year,which contribute to 74% of all death. Furthermore, 17 million people die before they reach age 70, and86% of these premature deaths occurs in low to middle income countries like Nigeria. This Systematicreview aimed at studying the status of Non-communicable disease in Nigeria, a nine year review, fromJanuary 2015 to December 2024.Materials and Methods: A relevant studies via systematic searched of PubMed and Google scholarusing the terms prevalence, non-communicable diseases and Nigeria. The search was limited to studiespublished between January 1st, 2015 and December 1st, 2024.Results: The total sample size of all studies included in the meta-analysis was 138,818 subjects. Theoverall prevalence of non-communicable disease in the Nigeria was estimated to be 12.9 % (95 % CI: 9.3% - 17.6 %). The subgroup analysis illustrated that the highest prevalence rate of non-communicabledisease in Nigeria was related to the south-south zone with 19.3 % (95% CI: 1.0 – 33.9%), followed bysouth west 18.3% (95% CI: 1.22 – 26.7%) , north west 11.0%(95% CI: 5.4 – 21.1%), south east 8.4% (95%CI: 3.3 – 19.9%), north central 4.5% (95% CI: 1.9 – 10.2%) and north east 1.1% (95% CI: 1.0 – 1.3%).Conclusion: The pooled prevalence of Non-communicable disease in our study was found to be 12.9%,with South-south having the highest prevalence of 19.3% and while the North-east having the leastprevalence of 1.1%, which underscores the surge of Non-communicable diseases in Nigeria.