Continuous-Time MPC Strategy for Sinusoidal Voltage Regulation in a Single-Phase PWM-CSC

Abstract

This paper presents an analytical continuous-control-set model predictive control (CCS-MPC) formulation for sinusoidal voltage regulation in a single-phase PWM current-source converter (PWM-CSC). The proposed approach employs a one-step predictive model derived from the converter dynamics using a forward Euler discretization. A quadratic cost function is formulated to simultaneously minimize voltage tracking error, current regulation error, and control effort. By exploiting the affine dependence of the predicted states with respect to the modulation index, the optimization problem is reduced to a convex quadratic expression with a closed-form analytical solution, thereby avoiding iterative optimization procedures and reducing computational burden. The effectiveness of the proposed controller is validated through simulations implemented in PSIM v9.0 under steady-state and variable load conditions. The obtained results demonstrate accurate sinusoidal voltage tracking, adequate current regulation, and low harmonic distortion, achieving a voltage THD below 0.5%. These results confirm the suitability of the proposed continuous MPC strategy for single-phase PWM-CSC applications in standalone and microgrid environments.