Aug 2026· SCIENCE Jurnal Inovasi Pendidikan Matematika dan IPA· Vol 6· 0 citations· 16 references
Abstract
Critical thinking is an important competency in IPAS learning because students need to analyze phenomena, provide logical reasoning, and draw conclusions based on the information obtained. However, learning that emphasizes theoretical concept delivery may limit students’ opportunities to develop these skills. This study aimed to determine the effect of the experiential learning model on students’ critical thinking skills in learning energy transformation in Grade IV at SDN Gelang 1 Tulangan, Sidoarjo. This study employed a quantitative approach using a pre-experimental method with a one-group pretest-posttest design. The study was conducted in May 2026 and involved 14 students. Data were collected through a critical thinking skills test and observations of teacher and student activities. The instrument underwent content validation, validity testing, and reliability testing. Data were analyzed using the Shapiro-Wilk test and paired sample t-test with SPSS version 21. The results showed that the mean pretest score was 52, with a mastery rate of 0%, while the mean posttest score increased to 95, with a mastery rate of 100%. The data were normally distributed, with significance values of 0.090 for the pretest and 0.233 for the posttest. The paired sample t-test yielded a Sig. (2-tailed) value of 0.000 < 0.05, indicating a significant difference before and after implementation. Thus, experiential learning can be an alternative approach to support students’ critical thinking skills in IPAS learning.
ABSTRAK
Kemampuan berpikir kritis merupakan kompetensi penting dalam pembelajaran IPAS karena siswa perlu mampu menganalisis fenomena, memberikan alasan, dan menarik kesimpulan berdasarkan informasi yang diperoleh. Namun, pembelajaran yang berorientasi pada penyampaian konsep secara teoritis dapat membatasi kesempatan siswa untuk mengembangkan kemampuan tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh model experiential learning terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa pada materi perubahan bentuk energi di kelas IV SDN Gelang 1 Tulangan Sidoarjo. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan jenis pre-experimental dan desain one-group pretest-posttest. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada Mei 2026 dengan subjek 14 siswa. Data dikumpulkan melalui tes kemampuan berpikir kritis dan observasi aktivitas guru serta siswa. Instrumen telah melalui validasi isi, uji validitas, dan reliabilitas. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji Shapiro-Wilk dan paired sample t-test dengan bantuan SPSS versi 21. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rata-rata pretest sebesar 52 dengan ketuntasan 0%, sedangkan rata-rata posttest meningkat menjadi 95 dengan ketuntasan 100%. Data berdistribusi normal dengan nilai signifikansi pretest 0,090 dan posttest 0,233. Uji paired sample t-test memperoleh Sig. (2-tailed) sebesar 0,000 < 0,05, menunjukkan perbedaan signifikan sebelum dan sesudah penerapan model. Dengan demikian, experiential learning dapat menjadi alternatif pembelajaran IPAS untuk mendukung pengembangan kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa.
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ABSTRACT
Critical thinking skills need to be developed through IPAS learning that provides students with opportunities to engage with problems, process information, and formulate solutions. A learning environment still dominated by lecture-based methods was found among third-grade students at SD Negeri 02 Pelemkerep, J...