Finitely many solutions for the prescribed scalar curvature problem at the critical flatness order

Abstract

We study the following prescribed scalar curvature problem $$ -\Delta u=K(y)u^{2^*-1},\ \ u>0 \,\ \ \text{in}\ \ \mathbb{R}^N, $$ where $2^*=\frac{2N}{N-2}$. For $N\geq4$, we construct a positive $K(y)$ with maximum set $\{|y|=1\}$ and critical order of flatness $m=N-2$ at $|y|=1$, such that the equation admits only finitely many positive solutions in $D^{1,2}(\mathbb{R}^N)$. To this end, we prove the compactness of the solution set for this equation by blow-up analysis and then apply Sard's theorem to choose $K$ for which each solution is non-degenerate and hence isolated, so that the solution set is finite. Our results also give a definite answer to Wei--Yan's conjecture in [J. Wei and S. Yan, JFA, 2010].