Exploring the Antidiabetic Efficacy of Radermachera xylocarpa (Roxb.) Fruit Extract through In vitro Study

Abstract

The current study investigates the antidiabetic potential of Radermachera xylocarpa (Roxb.) fruit extract through in-vitro α-amylase inhibition assay, validating its traditional use for blood sugar control. The fruits were collected from Sindhudurg region, shade dried, grounded, and extracted using ethanol. Preliminary phytochemical study showed the presence of alkaloids, phenols, steroids, terpenoids, lapachol, isoquercitrin, and naphthaquinones compounds commonly associated with antidiabetic and antioxidant properties. The α-amylase inhibition assay demonstrated dose-dependent enzyme inhibition, ranging from 16.09% to 57.47% for extract concentrations of 20–100 µg/mL, compared to 18.39% to 84.48% for the standard drug Acarbose. Although less potent than the standard, the extract showed moderate inhibitory activity, indicating its ability to slow starch breakdown and reduce postprandial hyperglycemia. This study provides initial scientific evidence supporting the traditional claims of R. xylocarpa fruit in diabetes management and highlights its potential as a natural source for future antidiabetic formulations. Further work including formulation development, toxicity studies, and in vivo evaluation is recommended.