Flexible electrochemical energy sources for wearable systems: Technical solutions and integration with a military application aspect

Abstract

The development of wearable electronic systems has led to an increased need for compact, lightweight and mechanically flexible energy sources that can be integrated into textile materials. This paper analyzes flexible electrochemical energy sources intended for wearable systems, with a special focus on technical solutions, materials and possibilities for their integration into smart textiles. The main categories of flexible energy devices are discussed, including flexible batteries, supercapacitors and fiber energy systems, as well as their advantages over traditional batteries. Special attention is given to the role of advanced nanomaterials, such as graphene and MXene, which allow improvement of the electrochemical and mechanical properties of these devices. Different methods of integrating energy components into textiles are also analyzed, including weaving conductive fibers, printing functional materials and coating fibers. The paper also discusses the potential of these systems in military wearable technologies, where it is necessary to provide reliable power supply for numerous electronic devices with minimal increase in the mass of the equipment. The analysis presented in this paper indicates that flexible electrochemical energy sources represent a promising solution for the development of a new generation of smart textiles and wearable systems.