Analysis of Fall Risk Factors Among Patients Undergoing Hip Arthroplasty in a Trauma and Orthopedic Surgery Department

Abstract

Background: Hip arthroplasty is a widely performed surgical procedure in patients with various functional disorders of the hip joint. Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the factors determining the risk of falls in patients hospitalized in the trauma and orthopedic surgery department following hip replacement surgery. Material and Methods: The study included 103 patients who underwent hip replacement surgery. Fall risk was assessed using a self-designed questionnaire and the Tinetti scale, which evaluates balance and gait. Results: The findings demonstrated a significant correlation between age and sex and the level of fall risk. A higher risk was observed in females and elderly patients. It was also shown that regular physical activity, particularly cycling, can positively influence balance maintenance and reduce fall risk. Mobility difficulties and limited self-care capacity correlated with lower Tinetti scale scores. No conclusive effect of postoperative pain or chronic diseases on fall risk was found. Conclusions: The results highlight the importance of preventive measures and individualized risk factor assessment in patients after hip arthroplasty. This study provides an opportunity to explore risk factors in greater depth and serves as a foundation for further research on fall prevention