Jun 2026· AL-MUKHTAR JOURNAL OF SCIENCES· Vol 41· 0 citations· 34 references
TL;DR
The findings highlight the need for sex-specific cancer strategies and reinforce the importance of establishing a comprehensive national cancer registry for improved disease surveillance and healthcare planning and compare findings with regional and global data.
Abstract
Cancer remains a major public health concern globally and is the second leading cause of death in Libya. Despite its growing burden, comprehensive data on cancer incidence in eastern Libya remains limited. This study aims to estimate the incidence and distribution of cancer types in the eastern region of Benghazi, Libya, and compare findings with regional and global data to support health planning, training, and research efforts. A retrospective observational surveillance study was conducted using data from oncology departments at Tobruk Medical Center and Al-Bayda Hospital. All cancer cases diagnosed and registered from January 1 to December 31, 2021, were included. A total of 398 confirmed cases were analyzed by sex, type, and frequency. Statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS v26 with chi-square tests applied for gender related differences. The overall incidence was 61.23 cases per 100,000 population. Females constituted 58.5% of cases, with breast cancer being the most prevalent (24.1%), followed by colon (9%), uterine (8.2%), and lung cancers (7.78%). Male patients were more affected by colon, lung, and prostate cancers. Hematological malignancies and rare cancers were also observed, with statistically significant gender-based differences (p < 0.001). Comparisons with data from Misurata and global estimates revealed similar trends for certain cancers but also notable local variations, particularly in colon and esophageal cancer rates. This study provides critical epidemiological insight into cancer incidence in eastern Libya. The findings highlight the need for sex-specific cancer strategies and reinforce the importance of establishing a comprehensive national cancer registry for improved disease surveillance and healthcare planning.
Cancer is a major global public health challenge and remains one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. It is the second leading cause of death after cardiovascular diseases globally and ranks among the leading causes of death in developing countries. This study aimed to describe the trends and epidemiological characteristics of childhood malignancies in eastern Libya and evaluate cancer type frequency and demographic patterns at Benghazi Children's Hospital. A retrospective cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted using archived data from patients aged 0–16 years diagnosed with childhood cancers at Benghazi Children's Hospital between January 2018 and December 2022. Demographic data, clinical presentations, investigations, tumor types, disease stages, and patient outcomes were collected and analyzed. Among 75,015 hospital admissions, 362 (0.4%) were diagnosed with malignancy. Leukemia was the most common (37.5%), followed by brain tumors (17.4%) and lymphoma (10.4%). Male predominance was observed across all malignancies except brain tumors. The mean age was 6.05 ± 4.21 years, with 47.8% of patients under five years. Other tumors included Wilms' tumor (9.3%), neuroblastoma (6.6%), soft tissue sarcoma (4.9%), bone tumors (4.4%), retinoblastoma (4.1%), carcinoma (1.9%), and hepatoblastoma (0.5%). Common presentations included mass lesions (38.1%), pallor (34.3%), and appetite loss (26.9%). Advanced stages (III–IV) predominated, and 20.9% of patients died during treatment. Childhood cancer cases in eastern Libya increased by 38% over the five-year study period. Leukemia was the predominant malignancy, with most cases originating outside Benghazi. Late-stage presentation remains a significant challenge, highlighting the need for improved early detection and referral systems.
Hala Ammar· AlQalam journal of medical a...· 0 citations
Light is shed on the prevalence of cancer in Somalia and the dire need for accessible and affordable oncology services in Somalia and the urgent to need to establish national or population-based cancer registries to determine cancer incidence, identify risk factors, and create national plan for cancer prevention, control, and treatment.
Background: India bears a disproportionate burden of oral cancer globally. We aimed to provide an updated epidemiological assessment of oral cancer incidence, mortality and prevalence in India using GLOBOCAN 2022 data, contextualised within the WHO South-East Asia Region (SEARO). Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional analysis was done using GLOBOCAN 2022 data from the International Agency for Research on Cancer. India was compared with other SEARO countries and temporal trends (1992–2017) were analysed using cancer in five continents data and Indian National Cancer Registry Programme data. Age-standardised rates (ASRs) were calculated per 100,000 population using the World Standard Population and 5-year prevalence and cumulative lifetime risk before age 75 were estimated. Results: In 2022, India reported 143,759 new oral cancer cases (10.2% of all cancers) with an ASR of 10.1 per 100,000 population. Males accounted for 75% of cases (ASR: 15.6 versus 5.0 per 100,000 in females). India recorded 79,979 deaths (8.7% of all cancer deaths) with mortality ASR of 6.4 per 100,000. The cumulative lifetime risk was 1.1%. India accounted for 81% of SEARO’s oral cancer burden despite representing 68% of the population. India’s incidence rates were 33% higher than the regional average (10.1 versus 7.5 per 100,000). Long-term trends (1992–2017) showed stabilising ASRs but increasing absolute numbers due to population growth. Tobacco and areca nut use account for approximately 70%–80% of cases. Conclusion: India has the highest oral cancer incidence globally, with persistent age and gender disparities. The disproportionate burden relative to population size reflects entrenched behavioural risk factors and systemic gaps in prevention, screening and treat-ment. Urgent priorities include enhanced tobacco control legislation, targeted risk-based screening expansion and leveraging digital health innovations to reduce oral cancer morbidity and mortality.
D. Francis, Saravanan Sampoornam Pape Reddy· ecancermedicalscience· 0 citations
The results of the statistical analysis revealed that the 51–60 age group exhibited the highest cancer frequency, accounting for 22.9%, whereas the 11–20 age group registered the lowest proportion, at just 1.9%.
Walid Naamat, Mohammed Abosalah, Ahmed Albakoush et al.· AlQalam journal of medical a...· 0 citations
Cervical cancer remains a major public health concern in Mongolia, where screening coverage is estimated at approximately 38%, well below recommended levels, and access to timely diagnosis varies. This study examined temporal trends in incidence and mortality and assessed the impact of COVID-19–related disruptions on cancer detection.
A nationwide population-based study was conducted using data from Mongolia’s national health information system (H-Info). All cervical cancer cases (ICD-10: C53.0-C53.9) and related deaths from 2014 to 2024 were included. Age-standardized incidence (ASIR) and mortality rates (ASMR) were calculated using the WHO world standard population as reference. Temporal trends were analyzed using log-linear and segmented regression models. The mortality-to-incidence ratio (MIR) was used as an ecological indicator of population-level cancer outcomes.
A total of 3,990 cases and 1,370 deaths were identified. Incidence increased between 2014 and 2016, declined thereafter, and dropped sharply during 2020–2022 (APC −29.4%), before rebounding in 2023–2024. In contrast, mortality declined gradually over the study period. MIR increased during the pandemic and declined following service recovery.
Cervical cancer incidence in Mongolia is highly sensitive to disruptions in screening and diagnostic services. Divergent trends between incidence and mortality likely reflect reduced detection during the pandemic rather than true changes in disease burden. These findings highlight the importance of maintaining continuity of cancer screening and diagnostic services during health-system disruptions.
Nomin-Erdene Tsogtgerel, Dolgorkhand Adiyadorj, Gan-Erdene Ganbaatar et al.· Frontiers in Oncology· 0 citations
Cancer is uncontrolled abnormal cell growth. In 2022, an estimated 19.3 million new cancer diagnoses and 10 million cancer deaths were recorded globally. Breast cancer is among the leading cancers that result in death in Ethiopia. This study analyzed trends in breast cancer incidence in Ethiopia.
Data were extracted from the Addis Ababa population based cancer registry. Of the 28,108 registered cancer patients, 7,160 were breast cancer cases. Crude, age-standardized incidence rate (ASR), annual percentage change (APC), and the Mann-Kendall trend test were utilized using R and Joinpoint regression software.
Breast cancer accounted for more than 25% of all cancers between 2012 and 2022. While the overall trend in incidence was not statistically significant, large fluctuations were observed. Incidence was highest in 2022 and in 2016 for the crude rate and ASR, respectively. Among females, breast cancer incidence increased non-significantly until 2016 (APC = 2.8), after which it showed a non-significant decline or remained relatively stable (APC = -0.7). In males, the incidence demonstrated a non-significant increasing trend till 2020 (APC = 6.5), followed by a non-significant decline thereafter (APC = -6.09). Overall, the APC was 0.43 among females and 4.48 among males .
Breast cancer accounts for one-fourth of all cancers diagnosed. While overall trends in incidence are statistically not significant, segmented analysis indicates non-significant over all trends with observed temporal fluctuations identified in segmented analyses, with a joinpoint detected in 2016 for females and 2020 for males. These findings emphasize the need for more breast cancer control, and public health education programs.
Awgichew Kifle, A. Addissie, Mathewos Assefa et al.· BMC Cancer· 0 citations