In two-station 3-D passive source localization, combined angle of arrival (AOA) and time difference of arrival (TDOA) methods often exhibit performance degradation at low signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs). To address this issue, this letter first derives an error propagation model and demonstrates the limitations of the conventional algorithm. Based on this basis, we develop a two-station constrained weighted total least squares (CWTLS) estimator that accurately accounts for noise in both the measurement and the coefficient matrix. Simulations and field experiments show that, compared to the traditional weighted least squares (WLS) algorithm, the proposed method reduces bias by 75% under low SNR and achieves localization accuracy that is closer to the Cramér–Rao bound (CRB) across different geometric configurations.
This work demonstrates the feasibility of replacing expensive commercial DoA systems with affordable SDR-based alternatives, with advantages such as easy deployment and reconfigurability.
M. Perotoni, José D. N. Machado, K. D. Dos Santos· Journal of Microwaves, Optoe...· 0 citations
Accurate time difference of arrival (TDOA) localization depends on reliable measurements. In cluttered indoor and urban environments, non-line-of-sight (NLOS) propagation is common. It introduces positive excess delays and biases TDOA observations. This letter studies receiver subset selection for TDOA localization und...
This work investigates the achievable improvements in both target localization and receiver pose estimation by deriving the Cramer-Rao lower bound (CRLB) for a multistatic radar system performing bistatic range and bearing measurements and proposes an alternating weighted least-squares algorithm that jointly optimizes...
Ahmad Musallam, Hu-Sheng Li· International Radar Conferen...· 1 citation
In urban canyons, blockage and multipath degrade conventional geometric localization, while RSS/RSRP fingerprint maps provide limited distinguishability under single-base-station conditions. This paper uses RT-generated small-scale radio maps with AoA, delay, and RSS features, and estimates the UE position by KNN match...
Jun Zhu, Yi-Fan Zhang, Nan Cheng et al.· 2026 IEEE/CIC International...· 0 citations
This paper aims to calibrate the phase deviations of two spaceborne phased arrays (SPAs) simultaneously for in-orbit satellite communication systems. Given multiple transmissions of the pilots, the phase deviations and the channel parameters are jointly estimated with a block coordinate descent algorithm. Moreover, the...
Simulations demonstrate that, even under harsh conditions characterized by dense clutter and a high proportion of anomalous measurements, the PWW-UGM-PHD algorithm accurately maintains target cardinality estimation and significantly reduces the Optimal Subpattern Assignment (OSPA) error.
Yi-Ting Wang, Hua Shen, Hao-Su Zhou et al.· International Conference on...· 0 citations
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