Age and disease status as negative prognostic factors for 5-year survival in chondrosarcoma: A single-institution analysis.
Abstract
Background
While Western literature identifies age, histological grade, tumor characteristics, and metastasis as key prognostic factors for chondrosarcoma survival, data specifically focusing on the Taiwanese population remain sparse.
Methods
This retrospective study included patients who were pathologically diagnosed with chondrosarcoma between January 1998 and July 2016. Clinical and demographic variables were collected, including sex, age, tumor characteristics (size, anatomical location, histological subtype, and pathological grade), treatment modalities (surgical approach and adjuvant therapies), and disease status within a five-year interval following diagnosis. Cox proportional hazards and logistic regression models were utilized to evaluate prognostic factors and to construct a predictive model.
Results
Among 58 patients (mean age 47.4 ± 18.3 years; 5-year OS 77.6%), multivariate Cox regression showed that advanced age, progressive systemic disease (aHR 10.07, 95% CI: 1.49-68.00; p < 0.05), and primary metastatic disease (aHR 11.03, 95% CI: 1.62-75.20; p < 0.05) independently predicted worse survival. The multivariate logistic regression model demonstrated high discriminative ability (AUC = 0.954), supporting the use of the derived nomogram for individualized prognosis.
Conclusion
This study identifies advanced age and unfavorable disease status as independent negative predictors of 5-year survival in chondrosarcoma. The developed prognostic model and nomogram demonstrated high predictive accuracy, providing a robust tool for clinical risk stratification and personalized management of this patient population.