Characterization and Genetic Identification of Indigenous Potential LDPE (Low-Density Polyethylene) Degrading Bacteria from Municipal Dumping Sites
TL;DR
The study demonstrates that indigenous bacterial strains from municipal dumping sites possess substantial LDPE-degrading capability and highlights their potential application in sustainable bioremediation and plastic waste management strategies.
Abstract
The persistence of low density polyethylene (LDPE) in municipal dumping sites represents a major environmental concern due to its non-biodegradable nature. The present investigation aimed to isolate, characterize, and genetically identify indigenous LDPE-degrading bacteria from the municipal dumping site of Himmatnagar, District Sabarkantha, Gujarat, India. Soil samples collected from plastic-contaminated zones were subjected to enrichment techniques using LDPE as the sole carbon source. Efficient bacterial isolates were screened based on growth performance and percentage weight loss of LDPE films. Morphological, biochemical, and physiological characterization was carried out to evaluate the biodegradation potential of the isolates. Structural and chemical modifications in LDPE films following bacterial treatment were analyzed using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). SEM analysis revealed surface alterations such as cracks, pits, and erosion on LDPE films, indicating microbial action, while FTIR spectra showed significant changes in functional groups, including the appearance of carbonyl and hydroxyl peaks, confirming polymer oxidation and degradation. Molecular identification of potent isolates was performed through 16S rRNA gene sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. The study demonstrates that indigenous bacterial strains from municipal dumping sites possess substantial LDPE-degrading capability and highlights their potential application in sustainable bioremediation and plastic waste management strategies.