Grid-Connected Hybrid Renewable Energy System with Fuzzy Logic MPPT for Solar Wind–Battery Integration

Abstract

This paper presents the development of a multifunctional grid-connected hybrid energy system (HES) integrating solar photovoltaic (PV) modules, a wind energy conversion system (WECS), and battery energy storage. To address the inherent drawbacks of conventional maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithms such as delayed response and suboptimal tracking under fast-varying environmental conditions a Mamdani type fuzzy logic-based MPPT controller is proposed. This controller adaptively modulates the duty cycles of individual DC–DC boost converters, enabling optimal power extraction from both PV and wind sources under dynamic operating conditions. The hybrid energy coordination is implemented without requiring linearized system models, thereby increasing control robustness against parameter variations and environmental uncertainties. Grid interfacing is accomplished using a phase-locked loop (PLL) to ensure synchronization in frequency and phase, while an LCL filter is employed at the point of common coupling (PCC) to attenuate high-frequency switching harmonics, thereby improving power quality in accordance with grid codes. The proposed methodology enhances system dynamic response, stabilizes power output, and facilitates seamless energy sharing among multiple sources. Time-domain simulations conducted in MATLAB/Simulink validate the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme, demonstrating improved system stability, reduced harmonic content, and efficient energy regulation. The novelty of this work lies in the adaptive fuzzy logic-driven coordination of hybrid renewable sources in real time, enabling superior performance, high efficiency, and compliance with grid power quality standards in a hybrid energy system environment. Keywords: Fuzzy logic; Hybrid energy; Solar; Wind; Battery storage system.